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Diagnosis and management of tubo-ovarian    abscess, A  Blog about FCPS-II OBG Theory and Viva Preparation By MedHome what's app helpline  0301-4843695 Ref TOG Article . ONLINE FCPS-II PREPARATION JOIN MEDHOME ,DETAILS WHATS APP 03014843695 Tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) Background Tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is a recognized  and serious complication of untreated pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).It most commonly affects women of reproductive age and nearly 60% of women with TOA are nulliparous. Definition TOA is defined as an inflammatory mass involving the tube and/or ovary characterised by the presence of pus. The most common cause is ascending/upper genital tract infection when purulent material can discharge through the tube directly into the peritoneal cavity causing initial PID and progression to form a TOA. The infection can occasionally involve other adjacent organs such as the bowel and bladder. Aetiology- Studies demonstrate that in 30–40% of cases, PID is...

    GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE (GTG38 ) SEP 2020 Definition   Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) comprises a group of disorders spanning the premalignant conditions of complete and partial molar pregnancies (also known as hydatidiform moles) through to the malignant conditions of invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and the very rare placental site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT) and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour (ETT). The malignant potential of atypical placental site nodules (PSNs) remains unclear. If there is any evidence of persistence of GTD after primary treatment, most commonly defined as a persistent elevation of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), the condition is referred to as gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). The diagnosis of GTN does not require histological confirmation.   The diagnosis of complete mole, partial mole, atypical PSN and PSTT/ETT does require histological confirmation.   How do molar pregnancies present to the clinicia...